PRODUCTION OF EFFERVESCENT TABLETS IN PHARMACEUTICALS - Part 2: “Wet granulation method for effervescent tablets - One-step granulation process”
The one-step granulation process helps to create granules directly, by granulating acid and alkali granules together. Usually, water is used as a granulation solution, so the effervescent reaction must be controlled during the granulation process. Ethanol or propanol can also be used as a granulation solution, but then additional binders are needed to achieve the necessary cohesion. There are 2 types of equipment used to prepare effervescent tablets according to this technology
1. Single-pot equipment - Vacuum drying mixer and granulator TMG
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After mixing and granulating, the machine can switch to the vacuum drying stage immediately inside the pot. Vacuum is created in a few seconds, immediately reducing the boiling temperature of water. At the same time, the pot is heated to evaporate water very quickly. In a few seconds, water escaping from the surface of the granules will be removed and thus the effervescent reaction stops. The big advantage of this device is that the raw material / semi-finished product does not need to be moved back and forth between devices, so it is especially suitable for effervescent tablets that are very sensitive to air humidity. This technology is limited in batch capacity while the investment cost is quite high. Tien Tuan Pharmaceutical Machinery Co., Ltd. has successfully researched and manufactured this TMG High Speed Mixer & Granulator, ready to serve if customers are interested |
Vaccum drying mixer & granulator TMG made by TTP |
2. Fluid-bed Dryer, Spray & Granulator is a more popular choice.
With fluid-bed granulation technology, negative pressure is created inside the chamber to help the raw material disperses in a suspended state inside the central chamber of the machine. The challenge of this method is that it is difficult to control process parameters, or if possible, the cost of automation will be high, and therefore the reproducibility of production depends a lot on the skill of the operator. Another big problem is dealing with humidity of air (the only agent to dry granules in fluid-bed technology), which is usually required very low to achieve efficiency in drying granules for effervescent tablets. Therefore, the effectiveness of the process depends a lot on the capacity of the equipment - technology supplier, with its technical capacity TTP always has optimal solutions to solve these difficulties.
Organic solvents can be used as a granulation solution instead of water, as they do not activate effervescent reactions when in contact with raw materials. However, then the equipment must be designed more complexly to ensure fire and explosion safety. For TTP’s mixing equipment, explosion-proof features have been designed and certified according to CE, ATEX, PED standards, which can be optionally selected according to customer needs.
Tien Tuan Pharmaceutical Machinery Co., Ltd. has successfully researched and manufactured equipment that meets fluid-bed drying and granulation technology for effervescent tablet production.
(Fluid-bed drying technology helps effervescent powder dry evenly and faster than traditional static drying)
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